MCQs BASED PRELIMINARY TEST (MPT) / CSS COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION-2022

• (C) Ammonia

The gas commonly used in refrigerators which cools is: C. ammonia. This would be correct for an absorption refrigerator, although it is also an older-model or industrial type of refrigerator. Many refrigerators use gases such as Freon or some other type of refrigerant, neither of which was among the choices.

• (C) Mercury 

The planet that moves fastest around the Sun is C. Mercury. Being the closest planet to the Sun, Mercury has the shortest orbital path and, therefore, travels at the highest speed in its orbit in comparison with other planets. It has an orbital velocity of about 47.87 kilometers per second, making it the fastest-moving planet in our solar system.

• (B) Oximeter

It is (B) oximeter. An oximeter, pulse oximeter, colloquially referred to, measures the level of oxygen saturation within a patient’s blood by non-invasive procedure, typically attaching a small device to a fingertip or earlobe.

A. Thermometer: This reads temperature of the body, not oxygen levels.
B. Oximeter: This measures oxygen saturation of blood.
C. Spirometer: This is a device that measures lung function, that is, the volume of inhaled and exhaled air, but does not give the level of oxygen directly in the blood.

• (C) Vitamin D

The type of vitamin that is beneficial to the human body from the rays of the sun is Vitamin D. This happens when one’s skin synthesizes vitamin D if it has been exposed to sunlight, particularly with UVB rays.

• (B) Kenya

The equator passes through (B) Kenya. In fact, it is east of Africa and one of the countries crossed by the equator, an imaginary line cutting across the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The geography gives Kenya a tropical climate with relatively uniform temperatures and high biodiversity. Particular to the country’s features is that the equator passes through it, determining its climate, weather, and ecosystems.

It passes through 13 countries on the equator. Those countries are as follows:

1. Ecuador
2. Colombia
3. Brazil
4. São Tomé and Príncipe.
5. Gabon
6. Republic of Congo
7. Democratic Republic of the Congo.
8. Uganda
9. Kenya
10. Somalia.
11. Maldives, in particular, the southernmost atoll.
12. Indonesia 
13. Kiribati—Teraina or Tabuaeran Island.

• (C) Concave lens

Convex lens is used in microscopes.

Convex lenses are thicker at the middle and thinner at the edges. They magnify objects by bending light rays inward to a focused image. Microscopes obtain a highly enlarged view of very small objects due to the use of multiple convex lenses.

• (D) None of these

The Instrument used for measuring rainfall is (D) None of these. Correct instruments are known as rain gauge. A rain gauge is a device that determines the precipitation over some time.

A) Nanometer: This is a measure of wavelength light or other electromagnetic radiation. It does not measure rainfall.

B) Barometer: Atmospheric pressure measured; can be used to predict changes in the weather but does not measure rainfall.

C) Hydrometer: The device measures the relative density or specific gravities of liquids. It does not measure rainfall.

• (A) Red light

The most important light for photosynthesis is A) Red light. Plants use mainly red light, and blue light, to power the process of photosynthesis. Red light is effective in particular since it gets absorbed by chlorophyll, the pigment of plants responsible for capturing light energy.

Although both red and blue lights are vital for photosynthesis, red is generally considered more important. The pigment facilitating photosynthesis is majorly absorbed in a red light by the chlorophyll. This acquired energy is then put into the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose.

• (C) Sphygmomanometer

The instrument which measures the blood pressure is a Sphygmomanometer (C).

Spirometer: A device that measures lung function, including the volume of air inhaled and exhaled, but has no association with blood pressure.

Barometer (B): Measures atmospheric pressure, not related to blood pressure.

Sphygmomanometer (C): It is specifically designed mainly for measuring the blood pressure. It consists of an inflatable cuff and a psi gauge. A sphygmomanometer may be used in association with a stethoscope, which would allow one to hear the sounds of blood flow.

The correct answer is therefore (C) Sphygmomanometer.

• (B) AB-

Here is a description of each choice with respect to the blood group rarity:

A) 0 -: Although O- is less common than O+, it is not the rarest. Being known as a universal donor means that the O- blood is in high demand and can be given to any blood type.

B) AB -: This is the rarest blood type. AB- is uncommon because it combines both the AB blood group itself relatively rare, along with the Rh-negative factor.

C) AB+: Surely, AB+ is not as common as many of the other blood types, but it is not considered a rare blood type as compared to AB-. The AB+ are universal receivers—that is, they can accept any blood group—the reason it cannot be considered the rarest blood type.

D) None of the above: The statement AB- is indeed the rarest of blood groups, so not applicable in B. Therefore, the rarest of the blood groups is AB-.